Repair or replace?

The repair quote on one side, the new-model price on the other: the honest comparison isn't between the two prices but between their costs per year of service. Two costs, two lifespans, a verdict — and proof that the "50% rule" sometimes gets it wrong.

$
years
$
years
Repair: cost per year gained$50.00
Replace: cost per year$55.00

Verdict: repair it.

Repairing saves you, per year
$5.00
Repair pays off if it holds at least
2.7 years
Repair as % of the new price
27.3 %

That last line is the shop-floor "50% rule": fine as a glance, but the cost per year above is the honest math.

The washing machine stops, the technician says $150, the flyer says $550. Your brain compares the two numbers — 150 versus 550, repair it, obviously — but it’s comparing two different things: a patch worth a few years against a machine worth ten. The honest comparison is per year of service.

How it works

Four numbers: the repair quote and how many extra years it buys; the price of the new one and how long it will last.

cost per year = what you spend / the years it gives you

The calculator runs it for both paths and tells you which wins, by how much per year, and the most useful number of all: how many years the repair must hold to pay for itself. If the technician himself wouldn’t bet on it lasting that long, you have your answer.

A worked example

A $150 repair that buys the machine 3 more years: $50 per year gained. The new one at $550 lasting 10 years: $55 a year. Verdict: repair — you save $5 a year, and break-even sits at 2.7 years: the repair just has to hold until then.

Now raise the quote to $180: it’s still only 32.7% of the new price — the shop-floor “50% rule” would say repair without blinking — but the cost per year climbs to $60 against $55: replace. The rule looks at prices; the math looks at years. When they argue, the math is right.

What the price tag doesn’t say

Repairs are quietly getting more attractive by law. In the EU, the 2024 right-to-repair directive (applying from July 2026) obliges manufacturers of covered products to repair at a reasonable price even out of warranty — and if you choose repair over replacement during the legal guarantee, the guarantee extends by a year: an extra year to enter under “extra years it buys.”

There’s a psychological catch too: if you already spent $120 on this same machine last year, that money pushes hard for “not throwing away what I’ve invested.” It’s a sunk cost: gone either way. Only today’s quote and the years it buys belong in the math — though a machine that calls the technician every year is telling you something in the numbers themselves: the “extra years” of each next repair keep shrinking.

Things to keep in mind

The twin of this page is cost per use — there you decide what to buy, here whether to keep alive what you own. Meanwhile, try the weak spot of every repair quote above: cut “extra years it buys” by one and watch how fast the verdict changes its mind.

Frequently asked questions

What if it's still under warranty?

Then you don't need this math: a covered defect is the seller's problem, not yours — repair or replacement comes free. The calculator is for afterwards, when the breakdown and the quote are both yours.

Isn't the 50% rule enough?

It's an honest shortcut, but blind to time. A $180 repair on a machine that costs $550 new is "only" 33% — the rule says repair — but if it buys 3 years it costs $60 a year against $55 for a new one that lasts ten: the per-year math says replace. It cuts the other way too: repairs above 50% can be worth it when they buy many years.

What about the energy bill?

The math above compares only purchase and repair. If the new model uses much less energy — common with 15-year-old fridges and washers — estimate the yearly bill saving and subtract it from the new one's cost per year: sometimes the bill is what flips the verdict. ENERGY STAR estimates a fridge over 15 years old can cost about $95 a year in electricity alone.